SPOTLIGHT ON THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN NANOBACTERIA AND SOME HUMAN DISEASES

Abstract

Nanobacteria are the smallest cell-walled bacteria, recently discovered in human and commercial cell culture serum, also known as calcifying nanoparticles (CNPs). Nanobacteria are the name of a proposed class of living organisms particularly cell-walled microorganisms with a size much smaller than the generally accepted lower limit size for life (about 200nm). Recently, histopathological immunohistochemical staining, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and calcific staining studies revealed the association of nanobacteria in kidney and gall stones. Nanobacteria have been appeared to contribute to different benign and malignant calcifications in the form of calcium phosphate crystals and contribute to malignant calcifications in breast and ovarian cancer. Nanobacteria also cause prostatic stones in patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome due to chronic prostatitis and are present in dental and pulp calculus. The evidence that nanobacteria exist within the human body and are closely related to numerous sorts of diseases is now overpowering. However, future research is required to reveal their nature and impact on health and disease. This paper aimed to highlight the harmful role of nano-bacteria on human health and to describe the association of nanobacteria and their hypothesized relationship with some human diseases.